Sri Lanka 4 Weeks Itinerary Aug-Sep

Jami-Ul-Alfar Mosque - (known colloquially as the Samman Kottu Palli,Rathu Palliya, Red Masjid or the Red Mosque) is a historic mosque in Colombo, Sri Lanka and popular tourist destination. Construction of the Jami-Ul-Alfar Mosque commenced in 1908 and the building was completed in 1909.[2][3] The mosque was commissioned by the local Indian Muslim community, based in Pettah (Biggest trading city in the Island), to fulfill their required five-times-daily prayer and Jummah on Fridays. Built based on Indo-Saracenic structures provided by South Indian traders, who commissioned him. t is a hybrid style of architecture, that draws elements from native Indo-Islamic and Indian architecture, and combines it with the Gothic revival and Neo-classical styles.It is a distinctive red and white candy-striped two-storey building, with a clock tower, and is reminiscent of the Jamek Mosque in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 

Gangaramaya Temple in Colombo, established around 1885 by the revered Ven. Hegoda Sri Sumangala Thero, is a captivating blend of tradition and modernity. As you enter this vibrant temple, you’ll be struck by its unique architecture, which mixes Sri Lankan, Thai, Chinese, and Indian styles. The temple is not just a feast for the eyes with its intricate carvings and golden Buddha statues but also a treasure trove of religious artifacts and antiques showcased in its museum. It’s a lively community hub, running social programs such as a school for underprivileged children and offering free medical services. If you’re visiting during the annual Vesak Festival, the temple transforms into a dazzling display of lights and decorations, making for a truly magical experience. Gangaramaya Temple offers a serene escape from the city and a deep dive into Sri Lanka’s rich Buddhist heritage and culture.

Arcade Independence Square is a popular shopping complex in Colombo. However, this was a renovated building which was a Lunatic Asylum in the beginning when it was constructed in 1889 during the British era 🇬🇧. Later, this was occupied by many government institutions until it was refurbished and opened as an upmarket shopping mall in 2012 due to its prime location. The complex features a variety of shops, from high-end boutiques to local craft stores, and offers numerous dining options, including restaurants and cafes. Located near the Independence Memorial Hall, Arcade Independence Square is known for its serene gardens, water fountains, and open courtyards. It often hosts cultural events and live performances, making it a lively spot for both locals and tourists. With its blend of historical charm and modern amenities, it’s a must-visit destination in Colombo.

This under-rated site now been used as an administrative office by the Archaeology Department in Rathnapura. This is the "Consorts" Castle of Ehelepola Nilame (1773 – 1829) was a courtier of the Kingdom of Kandy. He was the first Adigar (a role which combined the powers of a prime minister and a chief justice) from 1811 to 1814 under the reign King Sri Vikrama Rajasinha (Last King of the country). He was appointed by the king as the Disawe (local governor) of Sabaragamuva. His Mansion (Walawwa) is separate from this Mansion which is currently the house to Rathnapura Museum. Apart from this he has a separate mansion built in Kandy as well. Not even the King had a structure of this magnitude for his consorts during the Kandyan era. Wooden teak floors and the Architecture resembles the meticulously given details when building the mansion which was housed to the British agents since 1917 after the fall of the Kandyan Kingdom and its ruling provinces to the British Empire.

The church was formally consecrated on 25th of January 1853 (Feast day of the conversion of St. Paul) by the first Bishop of Colombo, James Chapman. The foundation stone of the church was laid on 16th of March 1843 when the Bishop of Calcutta, Reginald Heber, visited Kandy In 1825 and found out church services were being held in the former King of Kandy's Royal Audience Hall. As it was first used by British officials and the British Garrison, it has been called the Garrison Church. The church houses the only pipe organ in Kandy and probably, the largest pipe organ in regular use in Sri Lanka. The original pipe organ was donated in 1874 and was in constant use until the 21st century. In 2009 it was replaced with a similar-sized pipe organ from a disused church in Bradford. The Church is built based on Neo-Gothic style and the interior is more English Victorian based style.

Sri Dalada Maligawa, also known as the Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic, is one of the most significant Buddhist temples in Sri Lanka. Originally established by King Vimaladharmasuriya I of the Kingdom of Kandy in 1595 AD, the temple was built to house the sacred tooth relic of Lord Buddha, which had been brought to Sri Lanka in the 4th century AD. The temple is part of the royal palace complex in Kandy and is situated near the scenic Kandy Lake. It features stunning architecture with intricate carvings and beautiful murals depicting Buddhist legends and historical events. The relic is enshrined in a series of gold caskets and is displayed during special ceremonies. One of the most notable events at Sri Dalada Maligawa is the annual Esala Perahera festival, held in July or August. This grand procession includes traditional Kandyan dancers, drummers, and decorated elephants, drawing thousands of devotees and tourists. As a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Sri Dalada Maligawa offers a profound spiritual experience and a glimpse into Sri Lanka’s rich cultural heritage.

“Medavasala” which is the Queen’s Chamber. Residence of Queen Venkatha Ranga Jammal (Rengammal) the last Queen of the King Sri Wickrama Rajasinghe (1798-1815 AD) who is also the last King of the Kandyan Kingdom before it fell to the hands of the British empire in 1815. The entrance door to the Queen’s chamber exemplifies the exquisite features of the Kandyan period architecture and when the door is closed it can only be opened from the inside as a measure of security. The remains of a Urinal Stone can be seen as well in the chamber right along side her bed. All made of stone and wooden. Wooden pillars consists of rectangular and octangular sections with wood carvings.

Gadaladeniya Raja Maha Viharaya, located in the Kandy District of Sri Lanka, was built by King Kirthi Sri Rajasinghe (1747–1781). This ancient temple reflects the traditional Kandyan architectural style, characterized by its elegant wooden staircases and intricate design. The temple’s complex features include the Image House and Shrine Room, which have been preserved and restored over time. Among the notable artifacts is a gold-plated Buddha statue crafted from sandalwood, housed within the Image House. Gadaladeniya Raja Maha Viharaya is celebrated for its architectural beauty and historical significance, offering a glimpse into the rich cultural and religious heritage of Sri Lanka's Kandyan period.

Sri Lankathilake Rajamaha Viharaya, situated in the Kandy District of Sri Lanka, was constructed by King Kirthi Sri Rajasinghe (1747–1781). This historic temple is renowned for its traditional Kandyan architectural style, featuring intricate wooden staircases and beautifully designed structures. The temple complex includes the Image House and Shrine Room, which have been meticulously restored and preserved. A highlight of the Image House is a gold-plated Buddha statue crafted from sandalwood, a significant relic reflecting the temple’s historical and religious importance. Sri Lankathilake Rajamaha Viharaya stands as a testament to Sri Lanka’s rich cultural and architectural heritage, offering visitors a unique insight into the grandeur of the Kandyan era.

The temple is believed to have been constructed by King Valagamba in the in first century BC and is one of many temples built by the king while taking refuge in Uva Province after a South India invasion of the Anuradhapura Kingdom. The temple dates back over 2000 years.The temple has gain popularity mainly due to its massive 38 feet Buddha Statue carved in the granite rock. Behind the stupa, inside the cave is a tunnel called the Ravana Guhawa guarded by a figure of a Clay King Cobra. This 11 km long tunnel is said to be connecting the Ravana Maha Viharaya at Ella and the Bogoda Raja Maha Viharaya. But unfortunately this tunnel entrance has been sealed off with cement by the temple due to various vandalism acts by treasure hunters. It said that the king disappeared from the area overnight using the the tunnels and thus the working on the Buddha Statue was abruptly stopped.The Image house built inside the cave is full of colorful murals and Buddha Images and consist of 3 chambers. On the sides of the main entrance to the image house is two guardians, one with a elephant in its mouth and the other with a bull in its mouth. It is said to be they are Watuka and Kuvera, two Rakshasa tribal leaders, guarding the entrance to the shrine room.

The Nine Arches Bridge in Demodara, Sri Lanka, is a stunning engineering marvel completed in 1921. This iconic bridge, also known as the Demodara Bridge, is renowned for its impressive nine-arch design and its role in the scenic railway route through the island's highlands. The bridge stands out for its elegant stone arches, which were built without the use of steel, showcasing the remarkable craftsmanship of early 20th-century engineers. It spans a lush valley and is part of the historic railway line that connects Ella to Demodara, offering breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape. The Nine Arches Bridge is a popular spot for travelers, who can marvel at its architectural beauty and enjoy the picturesque scenery. The bridge is especially photogenic when trains cross it, creating a striking contrast against the verdant backdrop. Visiting the Nine Arches Bridge provides a chance to experience a piece of Sri Lanka’s railway history and enjoy the scenic beauty of the island's central highlands. It’s a perfect spot for photography, relaxation, and appreciating the ingenuity of early engineering.

idurangala rock cave temple and it’s surrounding consists of the “panchavasa “ 5 main ritual buildings. Which is Ancient Stupa,Chapter House, Image House , Bodhigara , Preaching Hall, Sangarama ( resident of monks) and inscriptions with drip ledged caves can be seen. Goes back to the 1 and 2 century BC. During the reign of King Kashyapa (473-495 AC) the Architect behind the Historical Sigiriya rock frescoes this temple was used as a Buddhist Monastery. Situated few kilometers North of the historical fort Sigiriya.

The ancient city of Polonnaruwa, an early capital of Sri Lanka, is an 11th century ruined kingdom, dotted with ancient stupas and mossy statues, slowly being engulfed by the surrounding jungle. This UNESCO designated city was, by far, our favourite site in Sri Lanka’s Cultural Triangle. It had an uncannily similar quality to Ayutthaya in Thailand – a grand, intricate city, slowly decaying in the wilderness. It was quiet; we strolled along the overgrown, moss-topped trails, often with just birds and monkeys for company. Set along a magnificent central road, ancient Polonnaruwa’s architectural marvels sat on either side, providing little detours that made us feel like intrepid adventurers. The ancient (mostly) Buddhist remnants, still recognisable from their glorious past, peek through the forests, often providing just a tantalising glimpse of their magnitude from the main thoroughfare. The ancient city of Polonnaruwa is one that many visitors to Sri Lanka miss off their Cultural Triangle itinerary. It’s a little further away from the other well-known sites, not on the main route to or from Kandy and has a UNESCO ticket price point. However, we wholehearted recommend a visit; it’s truly worth the entry fee. Here, we’ve written up everything that we think is helpful for planning your visit, including transport options, costs, places to stay, things to do, our experiences, wildlife and more.

Ruwanweliseya, also known as the Great Stupa, is an awe-inspiring ancient monument located in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. Dating back to 140 BC, this majestic structure is one of the tallest ancient monuments in the world, standing at approximately 103 meters (338 feet) with a circumference of 290 meters (951 feet). It is considered one of the supreme living monuments, alongside the Temple of the Tooth in Kandy, and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The stupa was originally built by King Dutugemunu (161-137 BC), who dedicated it to housing two quarters of the sacred relics of Lord Buddha. The construction was completed by his brother, King Saddhatissa, who ascended the throne after Dutugemunu's untimely death. Ruwanweliseya is renowned for its hemispherical design and massive scale. The pagoda in Myanmar/Burma was modeled after Ruwanweliseya, reflecting its significant influence on Buddhist architecture. Visiting Ruwanweliseya offers a profound glimpse into ancient Sri Lankan engineering and religious devotion, showcasing the grandeur and historical significance of this remarkable stupa.

The temple was built by King Devanampiya Tissa (307 BC to 267 BC) who was instrumental in introducing Buddhism to Sri Lanka. When 500 children of high-caste were ordained, Isurumuniya was built for them to reside. It is renowned for its stone carvings of which the most famous is one known as the “Isurumuniya Lovers”. The other carvings are of the Horseman, Elephant Pond and the Royal Family.The sculpture known as the “Isurumuniya Lovers” is a Gupta style carving of the 6th Century. It shows a woman seated on a man’s lap, lifting a finger in what some people interpret as a manifestation of her coyness.No record exists of exactly whom the two images portray. Locals believe the couple depicted in the carving are that of Prince Saliya and Asokamala. Another legend has it that it is the Hindu god Shiva and goddess Parvati depicted in the famous carving.Just above the water level are carvings of bathing Elephants. To the side of the pool is a flight of stairs. Another unique rock carving is found at the top. This time of a man seated in a regal position with the head of a horse behind him. This figure is believed to be of Parjanya, the God of rain. This has led to the belief that the Elephants in the carving below represent rain clouds.The Royal Family carving is carved on a Granite plate.There are five human figures carved on this plate. The human figure in the center is King Dutugamunu, who has a tall crown on his head and a "puna noola" around his chest. At his left are another two human figures. They are fanning him with a "Wijinipath".

Kuttam Pokuna (Twin ponds or pools) are well preserved old bathing tanks or pondsin the ancient Anuradhapura Kingdom. They form part of the Abhayagiri vihāra complex and are an example of the works in the field of hydrological engineering, architecture and art of the ancient Sri Lankans.The origins of these ponds are not known but it is thought to have been built during the reign of King Aggabodhi I (575-608 A.D). It can be seen that the smaller pond (the northern) one has been constructed first and the larger one at a later stage from the fine architectural differences between the two. They are connected through a pipeline at the bottom. One measuring 132 feet by 51 feet, and the other 91 feet by 51 feet. Both ponds are connected by an underground channel and are made of finely cut limestone blocks. The ponds were designed to collect rainwater, which was then filtered through the beds of aquatic plants before being used for bathing and other purposes.

The Mirisaweti Stupa/Temple is a memorial building built by Great King Dutugamunu (161 BC to 137 BC) after defeating King Elara of India who was ruling after evading until such time bringing the country under one rule of law once again. The King had placed relics of Buddha in his sceptre and it had got stuck to the ground without been able to move when he came back after a bath from Thisa Wewa/lake. The stupa was built in the place where the sceptre stood. It is also said that he remembered that he partook in a chilly curry without offering it to the Sangha. In order to punish himself he built the Mirisavetiya (Chilly in Singhala language) Dagaba. The unparallel artistic value of the “Vahalkada” is said to be the main reason that so much notice was taken of Mirisawetiya. 

Jami-Ul-Alfar Mosque - (known colloquially as the Samman Kottu Palli,Rathu Palliya, Red Masjid or the Red Mosque) is a historic mosque in Colombo, Sri Lanka and popular tourist destination. Construction of the Jami-Ul-Alfar Mosque commenced in 1908 and the building was completed in 1909.[2][3] The mosque was commissioned by the local Indian Muslim community, based in Pettah (Biggest trading city in the Island), to fulfill their required five-times-daily prayer and Jummah on Fridays. Built based on Indo-Saracenic structures provided by South Indian traders, who commissioned him. t is a hybrid style of architecture, that draws elements from native Indo-Islamic and Indian architecture, and combines it with the Gothic revival and Neo-classical styles.It is a distinctive red and white candy-striped two-storey building, with a clock tower, and is reminiscent of the Jamek Mosque in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 

Gangaramaya Temple in Colombo, established around 1885 by the revered Ven. Hegoda Sri Sumangala Thero, is a captivating blend of tradition and modernity. As you enter this vibrant temple, you’ll be struck by its unique architecture, which mixes Sri Lankan, Thai, Chinese, and Indian styles. The temple is not just a feast for the eyes with its intricate carvings and golden Buddha statues but also a treasure trove of religious artifacts and antiques showcased in its museum. It’s a lively community hub, running social programs such as a school for underprivileged children and offering free medical services. If you’re visiting during the annual Vesak Festival, the temple transforms into a dazzling display of lights and decorations, making for a truly magical experience. Gangaramaya Temple offers a serene escape from the city and a deep dive into Sri Lanka’s rich Buddhist heritage and culture.

Arcade Independence Square is a popular shopping complex in Colombo. However, this was a renovated building which was a Lunatic Asylum in the beginning when it was constructed in 1889 during the British era 🇬🇧. Later, this was occupied by many government institutions until it was refurbished and opened as an upmarket shopping mall in 2012 due to its prime location. The complex features a variety of shops, from high-end boutiques to local craft stores, and offers numerous dining options, including restaurants and cafes. Located near the Independence Memorial Hall, Arcade Independence Square is known for its serene gardens, water fountains, and open courtyards. It often hosts cultural events and live performances, making it a lively spot for both locals and tourists. With its blend of historical charm and modern amenities, it’s a must-visit destination in Colombo.

The church was formally consecrated on 25th of January 1853 (Feast day of the conversion of St. Paul) by the first Bishop of Colombo, James Chapman. The foundation stone of the church was laid on 16th of March 1843 when the Bishop of Calcutta, Reginald Heber, visited Kandy In 1825 and found out church services were being held in the former King of Kandy's Royal Audience Hall. As it was first used by British officials and the British Garrison, it has been called the Garrison Church. The church houses the only pipe organ in Kandy and probably, the largest pipe organ in regular use in Sri Lanka. The original pipe organ was donated in 1874 and was in constant use until the 21st century. In 2009 it was replaced with a similar-sized pipe organ from a disused church in Bradford. The Church is built based on Neo-Gothic style and the interior is more English Victorian based style.

This under-rated site now been used as an administrative office by the Archaeology Department in Rathnapura. This is the "Consorts" Castle of Ehelepola Nilame (1773 – 1829) was a courtier of the Kingdom of Kandy. He was the first Adigar (a role which combined the powers of a prime minister and a chief justice) from 1811 to 1814 under the reign King Sri Vikrama Rajasinha (Last King of the country). He was appointed by the king as the Disawe (local governor) of Sabaragamuva. His Mansion (Walawwa) is separate from this Mansion which is currently the house to Rathnapura Museum. Apart from this he has a separate mansion built in Kandy as well. Not even the King had a structure of this magnitude for his consorts during the Kandyan era. Wooden teak floors and the Architecture resembles the meticulously given details when building the mansion which was housed to the British agents since 1917 after the fall of the Kandyan Kingdom and its ruling provinces to the British Empire.

Sri Dalada Maligawa, also known as the Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic, is one of the most significant Buddhist temples in Sri Lanka. Originally established by King Vimaladharmasuriya I of the Kingdom of Kandy in 1595 AD, the temple was built to house the sacred tooth relic of Lord Buddha, which had been brought to Sri Lanka in the 4th century AD. The temple is part of the royal palace complex in Kandy and is situated near the scenic Kandy Lake. It features stunning architecture with intricate carvings and beautiful murals depicting Buddhist legends and historical events. The relic is enshrined in a series of gold caskets and is displayed during special ceremonies. One of the most notable events at Sri Dalada Maligawa is the annual Esala Perahera festival, held in July or August. This grand procession includes traditional Kandyan dancers, drummers, and decorated elephants, drawing thousands of devotees and tourists. As a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Sri Dalada Maligawa offers a profound spiritual experience and a glimpse into Sri Lanka’s rich cultural heritage.

“Medavasala” which is the Queen’s Chamber. Residence of Queen Venkatha Ranga Jammal (Rengammal) the last Queen of the King Sri Wickrama Rajasinghe (1798-1815 AD) who is also the last King of the Kandyan Kingdom before it fell to the hands of the British empire in 1815. The entrance door to the Queen’s chamber exemplifies the exquisite features of the Kandyan period architecture and when the door is closed it can only be opened from the inside as a measure of security. The remains of a Urinal Stone can be seen as well in the chamber right along side her bed. All made of stone and wooden. Wooden pillars consists of rectangular and octangular sections with wood carvings.

Gadaladeniya Raja Maha Viharaya, located in the Kandy District of Sri Lanka, was built by King Kirthi Sri Rajasinghe (1747–1781). This ancient temple reflects the traditional Kandyan architectural style, characterized by its elegant wooden staircases and intricate design. The temple’s complex features include the Image House and Shrine Room, which have been preserved and restored over time. Among the notable artifacts is a gold-plated Buddha statue crafted from sandalwood, housed within the Image House. Gadaladeniya Raja Maha Viharaya is celebrated for its architectural beauty and historical significance, offering a glimpse into the rich cultural and religious heritage of Sri Lanka's Kandyan period.

Sri Lankathilake Rajamaha Viharaya, situated in the Kandy District of Sri Lanka, was constructed by King Kirthi Sri Rajasinghe (1747–1781). This historic temple is renowned for its traditional Kandyan architectural style, featuring intricate wooden staircases and beautifully designed structures. The temple complex includes the Image House and Shrine Room, which have been meticulously restored and preserved. A highlight of the Image House is a gold-plated Buddha statue crafted from sandalwood, a significant relic reflecting the temple’s historical and religious importance. Sri Lankathilake Rajamaha Viharaya stands as a testament to Sri Lanka’s rich cultural and architectural heritage, offering visitors a unique insight into the grandeur of the Kandyan era.

The Nine Arches Bridge in Demodara, Sri Lanka, is a stunning engineering marvel completed in 1921. This iconic bridge, also known as the Demodara Bridge, is renowned for its impressive nine-arch design and its role in the scenic railway route through the island's highlands. The bridge stands out for its elegant stone arches, which were built without the use of steel, showcasing the remarkable craftsmanship of early 20th-century engineers. It spans a lush valley and is part of the historic railway line that connects Ella to Demodara, offering breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape. The Nine Arches Bridge is a popular spot for travelers, who can marvel at its architectural beauty and enjoy the picturesque scenery. The bridge is especially photogenic when trains cross it, creating a striking contrast against the verdant backdrop. Visiting the Nine Arches Bridge provides a chance to experience a piece of Sri Lanka’s railway history and enjoy the scenic beauty of the island's central highlands. It’s a perfect spot for photography, relaxation, and appreciating the ingenuity of early engineering.

The temple is believed to have been constructed by King Valagamba in the in first century BC and is one of many temples built by the king while taking refuge in Uva Province after a South India invasion of the Anuradhapura Kingdom. The temple dates back over 2000 years.The temple has gain popularity mainly due to its massive 38 feet Buddha Statue carved in the granite rock. Behind the stupa, inside the cave is a tunnel called the Ravana Guhawa guarded by a figure of a Clay King Cobra. This 11 km long tunnel is said to be connecting the Ravana Maha Viharaya at Ella and the Bogoda Raja Maha Viharaya. But unfortunately this tunnel entrance has been sealed off with cement by the temple due to various vandalism acts by treasure hunters. It said that the king disappeared from the area overnight using the the tunnels and thus the working on the Buddha Statue was abruptly stopped.The Image house built inside the cave is full of colorful murals and Buddha Images and consist of 3 chambers. On the sides of the main entrance to the image house is two guardians, one with a elephant in its mouth and the other with a bull in its mouth. It is said to be they are Watuka and Kuvera, two Rakshasa tribal leaders, guarding the entrance to the shrine room.

The ancient city of Polonnaruwa, an early capital of Sri Lanka, is an 11th century ruined kingdom, dotted with ancient stupas and mossy statues, slowly being engulfed by the surrounding jungle. This UNESCO designated city was, by far, our favourite site in Sri Lanka’s Cultural Triangle. It had an uncannily similar quality to Ayutthaya in Thailand – a grand, intricate city, slowly decaying in the wilderness. It was quiet; we strolled along the overgrown, moss-topped trails, often with just birds and monkeys for company. Set along a magnificent central road, ancient Polonnaruwa’s architectural marvels sat on either side, providing little detours that made us feel like intrepid adventurers. The ancient (mostly) Buddhist remnants, still recognisable from their glorious past, peek through the forests, often providing just a tantalising glimpse of their magnitude from the main thoroughfare. The ancient city of Polonnaruwa is one that many visitors to Sri Lanka miss off their Cultural Triangle itinerary. It’s a little further away from the other well-known sites, not on the main route to or from Kandy and has a UNESCO ticket price point. However, we wholehearted recommend a visit; it’s truly worth the entry fee. Here, we’ve written up everything that we think is helpful for planning your visit, including transport options, costs, places to stay, things to do, our experiences, wildlife and more.

The temple was built by King Devanampiya Tissa (307 BC to 267 BC) who was instrumental in introducing Buddhism to Sri Lanka. When 500 children of high-caste were ordained, Isurumuniya was built for them to reside. It is renowned for its stone carvings of which the most famous is one known as the “Isurumuniya Lovers”. The other carvings are of the Horseman, Elephant Pond and the Royal Family.The sculpture known as the “Isurumuniya Lovers” is a Gupta style carving of the 6th Century. It shows a woman seated on a man’s lap, lifting a finger in what some people interpret as a manifestation of her coyness.No record exists of exactly whom the two images portray. Locals believe the couple depicted in the carving are that of Prince Saliya and Asokamala. Another legend has it that it is the Hindu god Shiva and goddess Parvati depicted in the famous carving.Just above the water level are carvings of bathing Elephants. To the side of the pool is a flight of stairs. Another unique rock carving is found at the top. This time of a man seated in a regal position with the head of a horse behind him. This figure is believed to be of Parjanya, the God of rain. This has led to the belief that the Elephants in the carving below represent rain clouds.The Royal Family carving is carved on a Granite plate.There are five human figures carved on this plate. The human figure in the center is King Dutugamunu, who has a tall crown on his head and a "puna noola" around his chest. At his left are another two human figures. They are fanning him with a "Wijinipath".

Ruwanweliseya, also known as the Great Stupa, is an awe-inspiring ancient monument located in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. Dating back to 140 BC, this majestic structure is one of the tallest ancient monuments in the world, standing at approximately 103 meters (338 feet) with a circumference of 290 meters (951 feet). It is considered one of the supreme living monuments, alongside the Temple of the Tooth in Kandy, and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The stupa was originally built by King Dutugemunu (161-137 BC), who dedicated it to housing two quarters of the sacred relics of Lord Buddha. The construction was completed by his brother, King Saddhatissa, who ascended the throne after Dutugemunu's untimely death. Ruwanweliseya is renowned for its hemispherical design and massive scale. The pagoda in Myanmar/Burma was modeled after Ruwanweliseya, reflecting its significant influence on Buddhist architecture. Visiting Ruwanweliseya offers a profound glimpse into ancient Sri Lankan engineering and religious devotion, showcasing the grandeur and historical significance of this remarkable stupa.

Kuttam Pokuna (Twin ponds or pools) are well preserved old bathing tanks or pondsin the ancient Anuradhapura Kingdom. They form part of the Abhayagiri vihāra complex and are an example of the works in the field of hydrological engineering, architecture and art of the ancient Sri Lankans.The origins of these ponds are not known but it is thought to have been built during the reign of King Aggabodhi I (575-608 A.D). It can be seen that the smaller pond (the northern) one has been constructed first and the larger one at a later stage from the fine architectural differences between the two. They are connected through a pipeline at the bottom. One measuring 132 feet by 51 feet, and the other 91 feet by 51 feet. Both ponds are connected by an underground channel and are made of finely cut limestone blocks. The ponds were designed to collect rainwater, which was then filtered through the beds of aquatic plants before being used for bathing and other purposes.