Kayseri Grand Mosque

"The Great Mosque, also known as Cami-i Kebir or Sultan Mosque, is a significant historical and architectural landmark located in the city center of Kayseri, adjacent to the Grand Bazaar. Constructed by the Danishmend ruler Melik Mehmet Gazi in 1135 (H.530), the mosque showcases a blend of Islamic architectural elements and possibly older Roman or Byzantine structures, as evidenced by the columns incorporated into its design. The mosque underwent repairs early in its history, with notable renovations carried out by Yağıbasanoğlu Muzaffereddin Mahmud in 1206, as inscribed on a repair stone placed on the outer face of the north wall. The mosque faced significant damage due to a devastating earthquake in 1716 and remained in a dilapidated state for several years before being restored in 1723 by Hacı Halil Efendi, who also renewed the minaret and repaired the collapsed dome. The Great Mosque spans approximately 30m by 50m and features a simple exterior. Its dimensions are 47.5 meters in length and 27 meters in width, with two domes—one in front of the mihrab and another in the center. The mihrab dome likely dates back to the original construction, while the central dome was likely added later. The mosque's architectural plan reflects typical Seljuk mosque designs, with an open central area that was eventually covered by a dome. Inside, the structure features a series of arches connecting columns, with the ceiling supported by pine beams covered by a reed fence. The roof's design accommodates rainwater runoff, originally featuring thick earthen covers that have since been replaced with concrete. An open linear staircase leads to the terrace, while a spiral staircase provides access to the minaret balcony. The minaret of the Great Mosque, regarded as the oldest in Kayseri, stands at 47 meters tall, characterized by a stone base and a brick shaft leading to the balcony. The minaret's construction appears to be a later addition, and although no specific records indicate when it was built, it remains a prominent feature of the mosque. An inscription in beautiful Kufic script is found beneath the balcony, adding to the mosque's historical significance. Overall, the Great Mosque serves as a vital piece of Kayseri's architectural heritage, reflecting the city's rich history and cultural blend."